Polemical Discourse and Its Procedural Aspects (The Phenomenon of Repetition in Naqa’id Poetry)

Abstract

Abstract : (not more than 10 Lines) Summar : This study explores the nature of polemical discourse, focusing on its rhetorical structure rooted in difference, opposition, and interaction. It examines how this type of discourse functions within a sensitive pragmatic framework, where meaning is not only produced through content, but also through dialogic exchange and strategic argumentation. The research draws on examples from Arab intellectual and literary heritage, particularly the rich tradition of poetic rivalry in the Umayyad era, exemplified in naqā’iḍ poetry. This form of poetry, based on mutual refutation, illustrates how polemics serve as a mechanism for intellectual growth and cultural expression.