Mental load at work- An analytical and interpretative study of the concept coping strategies

Abstract

Mental workload has attracted increasing attention in the fields of psychology and ergonomics. However, the concept remains controversial in terms of its definition and dimensions due to the diversity of theoretical approaches and perspectives that have sought to analyze and explain it. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the conceptual framework of mental workload, examine its various dimensions and determinants, and identify the major theories explaining it as well as the strategies used to cope with it. To achieve these objectives, the study adopted a descriptive-analytical approach to describe and analyze this complex phenomenon through the examination of relevant theoretical frameworks and a review of the scientific literature and previous studies addressing the concept of mental workload.

The findings revealed that mental workload is a dynamic and multidimensional phenomenon resulting from the continuous interaction between individuals’ cognitive and psychological characteristics, task demands, and the organizational conditions surrounding task performance. It is also influenced by task complexity, multitasking requirements, and the volume of information that must be processed, in addition to organizational and contextual factors such as time pressure, poor work organization, and distractions generated by the digital environment.

Furthermore, the study showed that, although the theories explaining mental workload have contributed to understanding important aspects of this phenomenon, they have failed to provide a comprehensive and integrated explanation. This highlights the need for a broader interpretative framework that incorporates cognitive, organizational, and contextual dimensions. The study concluded that achieving a balance between task demands and the resources available to individuals, along with improving work organization and providing a supportive work environment, represents one of the most effective ways to reduce mental workload and mitigate its various effects.