Violence and sports hooliganism from a visual media perspective - Content analysis of sports programs broadcast on Algerian terrestrial television -

Abstract

Given the important role that the media plays in the educational field, the International Charter for Physical Education and Sport has emphasized in its eighth article the importance of those working in the field of mass media being aware of their educational responsibilities towards the social and human importance of physical education and sport, while stressing cooperation with educators in this field to provide media whose content is distinguished by objectivity and supported by documents related to its media material. Because the media through the various mass communication channels has many advantages and importance in the field of physical education and sport, as it contributes to achieving some sports goals through the media, such as forming a knowledge structure among the followers of its messages or radio or television segments, in relation to the concepts and goals of physical education in general.1 In addition to strengthening and consolidating educational principles and values ​​in citizens from a young age by paying attention to their socialization in the sports field, with the emphasis that both physical education and sports belong to the educational and social field rich in values ​​and principles, and forming positive attitudes towards physical education, competitive and recreational sports, and sports for all, with the aim of increasing the demand for effective participation in its activities, by clarifying its importance in the life of the individual and society. From our study of the importance of media in the field of physical education and sports, it becomes clear that it has many roles and goals that it seeks to achieve, such as socialization, cognitive and cultural development, forming positive attitudes among members of society towards physical education, sports, competitiveness, and sports for all, as well as forming public opinion towards its issues and problems, in addition to developing the opinion of those working in the fields of physical education and sports, as well as raising public awareness of the principles of sportsmanship. Because the media plays a vital role in society by disseminating information, news, and opinions, individuals and groups become increasingly interested in these media outlets whenever societal changes occur, accompanied by phenomena and events that capture the public's attention and sometimes make them dependent on the media as their sole source of news and information. In recent years, various media outlets—audio, visual, and print—have shown a growing interest in the diverse phenomena emerging in society. The media has become so captivating that it sometimes holds individuals in its grip, as it is their only source of news and information. Among these media is television, a mass-market medium. The phenomenon of violence or aggression in the sports arena is nothing more than a symbolic and indirect reflection of the nature of living beings, or rather, of the human element. It occupies a prominent place in the interests of researchers in the field of sports psychology due to its significance and impact, and because its causes are multifaceted and complex.