The Legal Nature Of Artificial Intelligence

Abstract

The legal nature of artificial intelligence (AI) is considered one of the most important contemporary legal issues requiring in-depth study, due to the absence of explicit legal provisions regulating it and the divergence of opinions among jurists and researchers regarding its legal characterization. AI, being systems capable of interacting with their environment and making decisions independently, has placed traditional legal frameworks before a significant challenge in accommodating this new kind of entity. One of the most pressing legal questions in this regard is the issue of AI's liability, which cannot be properly addressed without first determining its legal nature. This study aims to explore this issue through the central question: To what extent can legal personality be granted to AI, and what are the limits of such recognition? The study reviewed different legal perspectives: one rejects extending legal personality to AI based on the lack of essential attributes required for such recognition, while another supports the possibility of granting AI a limited legal personality that aligns with its nature. The study concludes that, should legislators choose to recognize legal personality for AI, a precise and appropriate legal framework must be established—one that defines the scope of AI’s operation and its legal responsibilities. This framework should ensure that AI remains a tool serving human interests, not competing with them, while also being flexible enough to adapt to rapid technological developments in the field.