The origin of the status between the two states, from the doctrinal point to the political dimension

Abstract

: Mu'tazila speech group that are doctrinal in nature, appeared in order to defend the Islamic faith with rational arguments and this is in line with Ibn Khaldun's definition of theology. Ibn Khaldun said: “A science that includes arguments about faith beliefs with rational evidence And refuting the innovators who deviate in beliefs from the doctrines of the ancestors and Ahl al-Sunnah.” This means that the science of theology has a function of proving religious beliefs with rational evidence, and rejecting the suspicions brought by innovators to beliefs with rational evidence. Or the defense of religious beliefs brought by the Islamic law.

The thing that was not mentioned about the Mu'tazilites is that despite their creedal character, their positions are not devoid of political dimensions. Rather, the five principles known by which they have religious significance did not hide their political dimension, and I especially mention the first principle historically, which is the status between the two states, known as the title Names and Conclusions. The difference between the verbal groups was about the following question: What do we call a believer who commits major sins without polytheism and dies without repentance? What would be sentenced to in the hereafter? Then what is the position of the Mu'tazila on this problem? What is their political goal behind saying this origin?