The argumentative discourse in Surah Al-Baqarah (selected examples) – An analytical study.

Abstract

This study examines the phenomenon of argumentation in Surat Al-Baqarah as one of the prominent rhetorical and discursive features of Qur’anic discourse. It aims to identify the argumentative strategies employed in the surah to persuade the addressees, refute doubts, and reinforce faith through the diversity of argumentative tools and the multiplicity of discourse participants. The study adopts a descriptive-analytical approach, as it provides effective mechanisms for tracing verses with argumentative dimensions and analyzing them from an argumentative perspective. This analysis highlights their rhetorical and discursive components, determines their pragmatic functions within their Qur’anic context, and identifies the argumentative parties involved—such as the People of the Book, the hypocrites, and the Muslims—while clarifying their positions and the methods of disputation used to address them with wisdom and good exhortation. The study concludes that Surat Al-Baqarah relies on a wide range of argumentative techniques, including historical recollection, responding to objections, vocative forms, and interrogative structures, among others. These techniques enhance the