kadri, hemza and chenene, K. (2022) “The extent of the contribution of the competency-based approach in understanding spoken discourse (oral expression) in Arabic language at the middle school level”., Al-Adawi Journal of Cognitive Linguistics and Language Education, 2(02), pp. 29–40. Available at: https://journals.univ-msila.dz/index.php/JCLLE/article/view/2276 (Accessed: 4 May 2026).