boulabeiz, youcef and sidi mohamed, rami 2026. The view of French sources on the conflict of the Qadiriyya and Tijaniya orders and its impact on the resistance of Emir Abd al-Qadir 1832-1847 (Saint Anne and Léon Roche are examples. The Algerian Historical Journal. 8, 02 (Jan. 2026), 46–58.